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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | gyl |
| Genitive: | gylən |
| Dative: | gylːan |
| Accusative: | gyləm |
| Comparative: | gylːa |
| Comitative: | gylge |
| Inessive: | gyləʃtø |
| Illative: | gyləʃ(kø) |
| Lative: | gyleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | gylem |
| 2SG: | gylet |
| 3SG: | gylʒø |
| 1PL: | gylna |
| 2PL: | gylda |
| 3PL: | gyləʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | gyl-βlak |
| Plural (2): | gyl-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | gylːa |
| Sociative Plural: | gylmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | gylem | gyl-βlak | gyl-βlakem, gylem-βlak |
| Genitive: | gylemən | gyl-βlakən | gyl-βlakemən, gylem-βlakən |
| Dative: | gylemlan, gylːanem | gyl-βlaklan | gyl-βlakemlan, gylem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | gyleməm | gyl-βlakəm | gyl-βlakeməm, gylem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | gylemla, gylːam | gyl-βlakla | gyl-βlakemla, gylem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | gylemge | gyl-βlakge | gyl-βlakemge, gylem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | gyləʃtem | gyl-βlakəʃte | gyl-βlakəʃtem, gylem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | gyləʃkem | gyl-βlakəʃ(ke) | gyl-βlakəʃkem, gylem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | gyleʃem | gyl-βlakeʃ | gyl-βlakeʃem, gylem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||