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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | dungan |
| Genitive: | dunganə̑n |
| Dative: | dunganlan |
| Accusative: | dunganə̑m |
| Comparative: | dunganla |
| Comitative: | dungange |
| Inessive: | dunganə̑šte |
| Illative: | dunganə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | dunganeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | dunganem |
| 2SG: | dunganet |
| 3SG: | dunganže |
| 1PL: | dunganna |
| 2PL: | dunganda |
| 3PL: | dunganə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | dungan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | dungan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | dunganla |
| Sociative Plural: | dunganmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | dunganem | dungan-βlak | dungan-βlakem, dunganem-βlak |
| Genitive: | dunganemə̑n | dungan-βlakə̑n | dungan-βlakemə̑n, dunganem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | dunganemlan, dunganlanem | dungan-βlaklan | dungan-βlakemlan, dunganem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | dunganemə̑m | dungan-βlakə̑m | dungan-βlakemə̑m, dunganem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | dunganemla, dunganlam | dungan-βlakla | dungan-βlakemla, dunganem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | dunganemge | dungan-βlakge | dungan-βlakemge, dunganem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | dunganə̑štem | dungan-βlakə̑šte | dungan-βlakə̑štem, dunganem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | dunganə̑škem | dungan-βlakə̑š(ke) | dungan-βlakə̑škem, dunganem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | dunganešem | dungan-βlakeš | dungan-βlakešem, dunganem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||