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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joltaʃ |
| Genitive: | joltaʃən |
| Dative: | joltaʃlan |
| Accusative: | joltaʃəm |
| Comparative: | joltaʃla |
| Comitative: | joltaʃge |
| Inessive: | joltaʃte, joltaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | joltaʃke, joltaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joltaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joltaʃem |
| 2SG: | joltaʃet |
| 3SG: | joltaʃːe, joltaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | joltaʃna |
| 2PL: | joltaʃda |
| 3PL: | joltaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joltaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joltaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joltaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | joltaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joltaʃem | joltaʃ-βlak | joltaʃ-βlakem, joltaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joltaʃemən | joltaʃ-βlakən | joltaʃ-βlakemən, joltaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joltaʃemlan, joltaʃlanem | joltaʃ-βlaklan | joltaʃ-βlakemlan, joltaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joltaʃeməm | joltaʃ-βlakəm | joltaʃ-βlakeməm, joltaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joltaʃemla, joltaʃlam | joltaʃ-βlakla | joltaʃ-βlakemla, joltaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joltaʃemge | joltaʃ-βlakge | joltaʃ-βlakemge, joltaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joltaʃtem, joltaʃəʃtem | joltaʃ-βlakəʃte | joltaʃ-βlakəʃtem, joltaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joltaʃkem, joltaʃəʃkem | joltaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | joltaʃ-βlakəʃkem, joltaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joltaʃeʃem | joltaʃ-βlakeʃ | joltaʃ-βlakeʃem, joltaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||