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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | jot͡ɕəpu |
| Genitive: | jot͡ɕəpun |
| Dative: | jot͡ɕəpulan |
| Accusative: | jot͡ɕəpum |
| Comparative: | jot͡ɕəpula |
| Comitative: | jot͡ɕəpuge |
| Inessive: | jot͡ɕəpuʃto |
| Illative: | jot͡ɕəpuʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | jot͡ɕəpueʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | jot͡ɕəpuem |
| 2SG: | jot͡ɕəpuet |
| 3SG: | jot͡ɕəpuʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | jot͡ɕəpuna |
| 2PL: | jot͡ɕəpuda |
| 3PL: | jot͡ɕəpuʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | jot͡ɕəpu-βlak |
| Plural (2): | jot͡ɕəpu-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | jot͡ɕəpula |
| Sociative Plural: | jot͡ɕəpumət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | jot͡ɕəpuem | jot͡ɕəpu-βlak | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakem, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlak |
| Genitive: | jot͡ɕəpuemən | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakən | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakemən, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlakən |
| Dative: | jot͡ɕəpuemlan, jot͡ɕəpulanem | jot͡ɕəpu-βlaklan | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakemlan, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | jot͡ɕəpueməm | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakəm | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakeməm, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | jot͡ɕəpuemla, jot͡ɕəpulam | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakla | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakemla, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | jot͡ɕəpuemge | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakge | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakemge, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | jot͡ɕəpuʃtem | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakəʃte | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakəʃtem, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | jot͡ɕəpuʃkem | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakəʃ(ke) | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakəʃkem, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | jot͡ɕəpueʃem | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakeʃ | jot͡ɕəpu-βlakeʃem, jot͡ɕəpuem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||