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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškarβiškə̑r |
| Genitive: | joškarβiškə̑rə̑n |
| Dative: | joškarβiškə̑rlan |
| Accusative: | joškarβiškə̑rə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškarβiškə̑rla |
| Comitative: | joškarβiškə̑rge |
| Inessive: | joškarβiškə̑rə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškarβiškə̑rə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškarβiškə̑reš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškarβiškə̑rem |
| 2SG: | joškarβiškə̑ret |
| 3SG: | joškarβiškə̑rže |
| 1PL: | joškarβiškə̑rna |
| 2PL: | joškarβiškə̑rda |
| 3PL: | joškarβiškə̑rə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškarβiškə̑r-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškarβiškə̑r-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškarβiškə̑rla |
| Sociative Plural: | joškarβiškə̑rmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškarβiškə̑rem | joškarβiškə̑r-βlak | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakem, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškarβiškə̑remə̑n | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakə̑n | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakemə̑n, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškarβiškə̑remlan, joškarβiškə̑rlanem | joškarβiškə̑r-βlaklan | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakemlan, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškarβiškə̑remə̑m | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakə̑m | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakemə̑m, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškarβiškə̑remla, joškarβiškə̑rlam | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakla | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakemla, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškarβiškə̑remge | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakge | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakemge, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškarβiškə̑rə̑štem | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakə̑šte | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakə̑štem, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškarβiškə̑rə̑škem | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakə̑škem, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškarβiškə̑rešem | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakeš | joškarβiškə̑r-βlakešem, joškarβiškə̑rem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||