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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškargik |
| Genitive: | joškargikə̑n |
| Dative: | joškargiklan |
| Accusative: | joškargikə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškargikla |
| Comitative: | joškargikge |
| Inessive: | joškargikə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškargikə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškargikeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškargikem |
| 2SG: | joškargiket |
| 3SG: | joškargikše |
| 1PL: | joškargikna |
| 2PL: | joškargikda |
| 3PL: | joškargikə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškargik-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškargik-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškargikla |
| Sociative Plural: | joškargikmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškargikem | joškargik-βlak | joškargik-βlakem, joškargikem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškargikemə̑n | joškargik-βlakə̑n | joškargik-βlakemə̑n, joškargikem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškargikemlan, joškargiklanem | joškargik-βlaklan | joškargik-βlakemlan, joškargikem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškargikemə̑m | joškargik-βlakə̑m | joškargik-βlakemə̑m, joškargikem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškargikemla, joškargiklam | joškargik-βlakla | joškargik-βlakemla, joškargikem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškargikemge | joškargik-βlakge | joškargik-βlakemge, joškargikem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškargikə̑štem | joškargik-βlakə̑šte | joškargik-βlakə̑štem, joškargikem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškargikə̑škem | joškargik-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškargik-βlakə̑škem, joškargikem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškargikešem | joškargik-βlakeš | joškargik-βlakešem, joškargikem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||