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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškargol'a |
| Genitive: | joškargol'an |
| Dative: | joškargol'alan |
| Accusative: | joškargol'am |
| Comparative: | joškargol'ala |
| Comitative: | joškargol'age |
| Inessive: | joškargol'ašte |
| Illative: | joškargol'aš(ke) |
| Lative: | joškargol'aš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškargol'am |
| 2SG: | joškargol'at |
| 3SG: | joškargol'až(e) |
| 1PL: | joškargol'ana |
| 2PL: | joškargol'ada |
| 3PL: | joškargol'ašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškargol'a-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškargol'a-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškargol'ala |
| Sociative Plural: | joškargol'amə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškargol'am | joškargol'a-βlak | joškargol'a-βlakem, joškargol'am-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškargol'amə̑n | joškargol'a-βlakə̑n | joškargol'a-βlakemə̑n, joškargol'am-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškargol'amlan, joškargol'alanem | joškargol'a-βlaklan | joškargol'a-βlakemlan, joškargol'am-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškargol'amə̑m | joškargol'a-βlakə̑m | joškargol'a-βlakemə̑m, joškargol'am-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškargol'amla, joškargol'alam | joškargol'a-βlakla | joškargol'a-βlakemla, joškargol'am-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškargol'amge | joškargol'a-βlakge | joškargol'a-βlakemge, joškargol'am-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškargol'aštem | joškargol'a-βlakə̑šte | joškargol'a-βlakə̑štem, joškargol'am-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškargol'aškem | joškargol'a-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškargol'a-βlakə̑škem, joškargol'am-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškargol'ašem | joškargol'a-βlakeš | joškargol'a-βlakešem, joškargol'am-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||