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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškartarakan |
| Genitive: | joškartarakanə̑n |
| Dative: | joškartarakanlan |
| Accusative: | joškartarakanə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškartarakanla |
| Comitative: | joškartarakange |
| Inessive: | joškartarakanə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškartarakanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškartarakaneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškartarakanem |
| 2SG: | joškartarakanet |
| 3SG: | joškartarakanže |
| 1PL: | joškartarakanna |
| 2PL: | joškartarakanda |
| 3PL: | joškartarakanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškartarakan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškartarakan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškartarakanla |
| Sociative Plural: | joškartarakanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškartarakanem | joškartarakan-βlak | joškartarakan-βlakem, joškartarakanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškartarakanemə̑n | joškartarakan-βlakə̑n | joškartarakan-βlakemə̑n, joškartarakanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškartarakanemlan, joškartarakanlanem | joškartarakan-βlaklan | joškartarakan-βlakemlan, joškartarakanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškartarakanemə̑m | joškartarakan-βlakə̑m | joškartarakan-βlakemə̑m, joškartarakanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškartarakanemla, joškartarakanlam | joškartarakan-βlakla | joškartarakan-βlakemla, joškartarakanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškartarakanemge | joškartarakan-βlakge | joškartarakan-βlakemge, joškartarakanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškartarakanə̑štem | joškartarakan-βlakə̑šte | joškartarakan-βlakə̑štem, joškartarakanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškartarakanə̑škem | joškartarakan-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškartarakan-βlakə̑škem, joškartarakanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškartarakanešem | joškartarakan-βlakeš | joškartarakan-βlakešem, joškartarakanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||