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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joʃkaruʃmen |
| Genitive: | joʃkaruʃmenən |
| Dative: | joʃkaruʃmenlan |
| Accusative: | joʃkaruʃmenəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkaruʃmenla |
| Comitative: | joʃkaruʃmenge |
| Inessive: | joʃkaruʃmenəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkaruʃmenəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkaruʃmeneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joʃkaruʃmenem |
| 2SG: | joʃkaruʃmenet |
| 3SG: | joʃkaruʃmenʒe |
| 1PL: | joʃkaruʃmenːa |
| 2PL: | joʃkaruʃmenda |
| 3PL: | joʃkaruʃmenəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joʃkaruʃmen-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joʃkaruʃmen-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joʃkaruʃmenla |
| Sociative Plural: | joʃkaruʃmenmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joʃkaruʃmenem | joʃkaruʃmen-βlak | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakem, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joʃkaruʃmenemən | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakən | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakemən, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joʃkaruʃmenemlan, joʃkaruʃmenlanem | joʃkaruʃmen-βlaklan | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakemlan, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joʃkaruʃmeneməm | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakəm | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakeməm, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkaruʃmenemla, joʃkaruʃmenlam | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakla | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakemla, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joʃkaruʃmenemge | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakge | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakemge, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joʃkaruʃmenəʃtem | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakəʃte | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakəʃtem, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkaruʃmenəʃkem | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakəʃ(ke) | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakəʃkem, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkaruʃmeneʃem | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakeʃ | joʃkaruʃmen-βlakeʃem, joʃkaruʃmenem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||