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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškaršer |
| Genitive: | joškaršerə̑n |
| Dative: | joškaršerlan |
| Accusative: | joškaršerə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškaršerla |
| Comitative: | joškaršerge |
| Inessive: | joškaršerə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškaršerə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškaršereš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškaršerem |
| 2SG: | joškaršeret |
| 3SG: | joškaršerže |
| 1PL: | joškaršerna |
| 2PL: | joškaršerda |
| 3PL: | joškaršerə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškaršer-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškaršer-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškaršerla |
| Sociative Plural: | joškaršermə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškaršerem | joškaršer-βlak | joškaršer-βlakem, joškaršerem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškaršeremə̑n | joškaršer-βlakə̑n | joškaršer-βlakemə̑n, joškaršerem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškaršeremlan, joškaršerlanem | joškaršer-βlaklan | joškaršer-βlakemlan, joškaršerem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškaršeremə̑m | joškaršer-βlakə̑m | joškaršer-βlakemə̑m, joškaršerem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškaršeremla, joškaršerlam | joškaršer-βlakla | joškaršer-βlakemla, joškaršerem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškaršeremge | joškaršer-βlakge | joškaršer-βlakemge, joškaršerem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškaršerə̑štem | joškaršer-βlakə̑šte | joškaršer-βlakə̑štem, joškaršerem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškaršerə̑škem | joškaršer-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškaršer-βlakə̑škem, joškaršerem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškaršerešem | joškaršer-βlakeš | joškaršer-βlakešem, joškaršerem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||