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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa |
| Genitive: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕan |
| Dative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕalan |
| Accusative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕam |
| Comparative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕala |
| Comitative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕage |
| Inessive: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕam |
| 2SG: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕat |
| 3SG: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕana |
| 2PL: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕada |
| 3PL: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕala |
| Sociative Plural: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕam | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlak | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakem, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlak |
| Genitive: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕamən | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakən | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakemən, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlakən |
| Dative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕamlan, joʃkarʃint͡ɕalanem | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlaklan | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakemlan, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaməm | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakəm | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakeməm, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕamla, joʃkarʃint͡ɕalam | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakla | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakemla, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕamge | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakge | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakemge, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʃtem | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakəʃte | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakəʃtem, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʃkem | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakəʃ(ke) | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakəʃkem, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkarʃint͡ɕaʃem | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakeʃ | joʃkarʃint͡ɕa-βlakeʃem, joʃkarʃint͡ɕam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||