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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškareŋə̑ž |
| Genitive: | joškareŋə̑žə̑n |
| Dative: | joškareŋə̑žlan |
| Accusative: | joškareŋə̑žə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškareŋə̑žla |
| Comitative: | joškareŋə̑žge |
| Inessive: | joškareŋə̑žə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškareŋə̑žə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškareŋə̑žeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškareŋə̑žem |
| 2SG: | joškareŋə̑žet |
| 3SG: | joškareŋə̑žše |
| 1PL: | joškareŋə̑žna |
| 2PL: | joškareŋə̑žda |
| 3PL: | joškareŋə̑žə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškareŋə̑ž-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškareŋə̑ž-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškareŋə̑žla |
| Sociative Plural: | joškareŋə̑žmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškareŋə̑žem | joškareŋə̑ž-βlak | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakem, joškareŋə̑žem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškareŋə̑žemə̑n | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakə̑n | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakemə̑n, joškareŋə̑žem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškareŋə̑žemlan, joškareŋə̑žlanem | joškareŋə̑ž-βlaklan | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakemlan, joškareŋə̑žem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškareŋə̑žemə̑m | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakə̑m | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakemə̑m, joškareŋə̑žem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškareŋə̑žemla, joškareŋə̑žlam | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakla | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakemla, joškareŋə̑žem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškareŋə̑žemge | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakge | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakemge, joškareŋə̑žem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškareŋə̑žə̑štem | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakə̑šte | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakə̑štem, joškareŋə̑žem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškareŋə̑žə̑škem | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakə̑škem, joškareŋə̑žem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškareŋə̑žešem | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakeš | joškareŋə̑ž-βlakešem, joškareŋə̑žem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||