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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe |
| Genitive: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕən |
| Dative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəlan |
| Accusative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəla |
| Comitative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəge |
| Inessive: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem |
| 2SG: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕet |
| 3SG: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəna |
| 2PL: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəda |
| 3PL: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəla |
| Sociative Plural: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlak | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakem, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕemən | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakən | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakemən, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕemlan, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəlanem | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlaklan | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakemlan, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕeməm | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakəm | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakeməm, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕemla, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəlam | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakla | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakemla, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕemge | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakge | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakemge, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəʃtem | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakəʃte | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakəʃtem, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕəʃkem | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakəʃ(ke) | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakəʃkem, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕeʃem | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakeʃ | joʃkar-narənt͡ɕe-βlakeʃem, joʃkar-narənt͡ɕem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||