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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joʃkar-uʒarge |
| Genitive: | joʃkar-uʒargən |
| Dative: | joʃkar-uʒargəlan |
| Accusative: | joʃkar-uʒargəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkar-uʒargəla |
| Comitative: | joʃkar-uʒargəge |
| Inessive: | joʃkar-uʒargəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkar-uʒargəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkar-uʒargeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joʃkar-uʒargem |
| 2SG: | joʃkar-uʒarget |
| 3SG: | joʃkar-uʒargəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | joʃkar-uʒargəna |
| 2PL: | joʃkar-uʒargəda |
| 3PL: | joʃkar-uʒargəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joʃkar-uʒarge-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joʃkar-uʒargəla |
| Sociative Plural: | joʃkar-uʒargəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joʃkar-uʒargem | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlak | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakem, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joʃkar-uʒargemən | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakən | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakemən, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joʃkar-uʒargemlan, joʃkar-uʒargəlanem | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlaklan | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakemlan, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joʃkar-uʒargeməm | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakəm | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakeməm, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkar-uʒargemla, joʃkar-uʒargəlam | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakla | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakemla, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joʃkar-uʒargemge | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakge | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakemge, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joʃkar-uʒargəʃtem | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakəʃte | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakəʃtem, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkar-uʒargəʃkem | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakəʃ(ke) | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakəʃkem, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkar-uʒargeʃem | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakeʃ | joʃkar-uʒarge-βlakeʃem, joʃkar-uʒargem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||