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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškar-č́eβer |
| Genitive: | joškar-č́eβerə̑n |
| Dative: | joškar-č́eβerlan |
| Accusative: | joškar-č́eβerə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškar-č́eβerla |
| Comitative: | joškar-č́eβerge |
| Inessive: | joškar-č́eβerə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškar-č́eβerə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškar-č́eβereš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškar-č́eβerem |
| 2SG: | joškar-č́eβeret |
| 3SG: | joškar-č́eβerže |
| 1PL: | joškar-č́eβerna |
| 2PL: | joškar-č́eβerda |
| 3PL: | joškar-č́eβerə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškar-č́eβer-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškar-č́eβer-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškar-č́eβerla |
| Sociative Plural: | joškar-č́eβermə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškar-č́eβerem | joškar-č́eβer-βlak | joškar-č́eβer-βlakem, joškar-č́eβerem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškar-č́eβeremə̑n | joškar-č́eβer-βlakə̑n | joškar-č́eβer-βlakemə̑n, joškar-č́eβerem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškar-č́eβeremlan, joškar-č́eβerlanem | joškar-č́eβer-βlaklan | joškar-č́eβer-βlakemlan, joškar-č́eβerem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškar-č́eβeremə̑m | joškar-č́eβer-βlakə̑m | joškar-č́eβer-βlakemə̑m, joškar-č́eβerem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškar-č́eβeremla, joškar-č́eβerlam | joškar-č́eβer-βlakla | joškar-č́eβer-βlakemla, joškar-č́eβerem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškar-č́eβeremge | joškar-č́eβer-βlakge | joškar-č́eβer-βlakemge, joškar-č́eβerem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškar-č́eβerə̑štem | joškar-č́eβer-βlakə̑šte | joškar-č́eβer-βlakə̑štem, joškar-č́eβerem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškar-č́eβerə̑škem | joškar-č́eβer-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškar-č́eβer-βlakə̑škem, joškar-č́eβerem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškar-č́eβerešem | joškar-č́eβer-βlakeš | joškar-č́eβer-βlakešem, joškar-č́eβerem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||