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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joškə̑nan |
| Genitive: | joškə̑nanə̑n |
| Dative: | joškə̑nanlan |
| Accusative: | joškə̑nanə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškə̑nanla |
| Comitative: | joškə̑nange |
| Inessive: | joškə̑nanə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškə̑nanə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškə̑naneš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joškə̑nanem |
| 2SG: | joškə̑nanet |
| 3SG: | joškə̑nanže |
| 1PL: | joškə̑nanna |
| 2PL: | joškə̑nanda |
| 3PL: | joškə̑nanə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joškə̑nan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joškə̑nan-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joškə̑nanla |
| Sociative Plural: | joškə̑nanmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joškə̑nanem | joškə̑nan-βlak | joškə̑nan-βlakem, joškə̑nanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joškə̑nanemə̑n | joškə̑nan-βlakə̑n | joškə̑nan-βlakemə̑n, joškə̑nanem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joškə̑nanemlan, joškə̑nanlanem | joškə̑nan-βlaklan | joškə̑nan-βlakemlan, joškə̑nanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joškə̑nanemə̑m | joškə̑nan-βlakə̑m | joškə̑nan-βlakemə̑m, joškə̑nanem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joškə̑nanemla, joškə̑nanlam | joškə̑nan-βlakla | joškə̑nan-βlakemla, joškə̑nanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joškə̑nanemge | joškə̑nan-βlakge | joškə̑nan-βlakemge, joškə̑nanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joškə̑nanə̑štem | joškə̑nan-βlakə̑šte | joškə̑nan-βlakə̑štem, joškə̑nanem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joškə̑nanə̑škem | joškə̑nan-βlakə̑š(ke) | joškə̑nan-βlakə̑škem, joškə̑nanem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joškə̑nanešem | joškə̑nan-βlakeš | joškə̑nan-βlakešem, joškə̑nanem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||