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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joʃkənan |
| Genitive: | joʃkənanən |
| Dative: | joʃkənanlan |
| Accusative: | joʃkənanəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkənanla |
| Comitative: | joʃkənange |
| Inessive: | joʃkənanəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkənanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkənaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joʃkənanem |
| 2SG: | joʃkənanet |
| 3SG: | joʃkənanʒe |
| 1PL: | joʃkənanːa |
| 2PL: | joʃkənanda |
| 3PL: | joʃkənanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joʃkənan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joʃkənan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joʃkənanla |
| Sociative Plural: | joʃkənanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joʃkənanem | joʃkənan-βlak | joʃkənan-βlakem, joʃkənanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joʃkənanemən | joʃkənan-βlakən | joʃkənan-βlakemən, joʃkənanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joʃkənanemlan, joʃkənanlanem | joʃkənan-βlaklan | joʃkənan-βlakemlan, joʃkənanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joʃkənaneməm | joʃkənan-βlakəm | joʃkənan-βlakeməm, joʃkənanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkənanemla, joʃkənanlam | joʃkənan-βlakla | joʃkənan-βlakemla, joʃkənanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joʃkənanemge | joʃkənan-βlakge | joʃkənan-βlakemge, joʃkənanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joʃkənanəʃtem | joʃkənan-βlakəʃte | joʃkənan-βlakəʃtem, joʃkənanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkənanəʃkem | joʃkənan-βlakəʃ(ke) | joʃkənan-βlakəʃkem, joʃkənanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkənaneʃem | joʃkənan-βlakeʃ | joʃkənan-βlakeʃem, joʃkənanem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||