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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joŋgaltmaš |
| Genitive: | joŋgaltmašə̑n |
| Dative: | joŋgaltmašlan |
| Accusative: | joŋgaltmašə̑m |
| Comparative: | joŋgaltmašla |
| Comitative: | joŋgaltmašge |
| Inessive: | joŋgaltmašte, joŋgaltmašə̑šte |
| Illative: | joŋgaltmaške, joŋgaltmašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋgaltmašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joŋgaltmašem |
| 2SG: | joŋgaltmašet |
| 3SG: | joŋgaltmašše, joŋgaltmašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | joŋgaltmašna |
| 2PL: | joŋgaltmašda |
| 3PL: | joŋgaltmašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joŋgaltmaš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joŋgaltmaš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joŋgaltmašla |
| Sociative Plural: | joŋgaltmašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joŋgaltmašem | joŋgaltmaš-βlak | joŋgaltmaš-βlakem, joŋgaltmašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joŋgaltmašemə̑n | joŋgaltmaš-βlakə̑n | joŋgaltmaš-βlakemə̑n, joŋgaltmašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joŋgaltmašemlan, joŋgaltmašlanem | joŋgaltmaš-βlaklan | joŋgaltmaš-βlakemlan, joŋgaltmašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joŋgaltmašemə̑m | joŋgaltmaš-βlakə̑m | joŋgaltmaš-βlakemə̑m, joŋgaltmašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joŋgaltmašemla, joŋgaltmašlam | joŋgaltmaš-βlakla | joŋgaltmaš-βlakemla, joŋgaltmašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joŋgaltmašemge | joŋgaltmaš-βlakge | joŋgaltmaš-βlakemge, joŋgaltmašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joŋgaltmaštem, joŋgaltmašə̑štem | joŋgaltmaš-βlakə̑šte | joŋgaltmaš-βlakə̑štem, joŋgaltmašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joŋgaltmaškem, joŋgaltmašə̑škem | joŋgaltmaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | joŋgaltmaš-βlakə̑škem, joŋgaltmašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋgaltmašešem | joŋgaltmaš-βlakeš | joŋgaltmaš-βlakešem, joŋgaltmašem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||