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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joŋgaltmaʃ |
| Genitive: | joŋgaltmaʃən |
| Dative: | joŋgaltmaʃlan |
| Accusative: | joŋgaltmaʃəm |
| Comparative: | joŋgaltmaʃla |
| Comitative: | joŋgaltmaʃge |
| Inessive: | joŋgaltmaʃte, joŋgaltmaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋgaltmaʃke, joŋgaltmaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋgaltmaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joŋgaltmaʃem |
| 2SG: | joŋgaltmaʃet |
| 3SG: | joŋgaltmaʃːe, joŋgaltmaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | joŋgaltmaʃna |
| 2PL: | joŋgaltmaʃda |
| 3PL: | joŋgaltmaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joŋgaltmaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joŋgaltmaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | joŋgaltmaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joŋgaltmaʃem | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlak | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakem, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joŋgaltmaʃemən | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakən | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakemən, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joŋgaltmaʃemlan, joŋgaltmaʃlanem | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlaklan | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakemlan, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joŋgaltmaʃeməm | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakəm | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakeməm, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joŋgaltmaʃemla, joŋgaltmaʃlam | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakla | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakemla, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joŋgaltmaʃemge | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakge | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakemge, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joŋgaltmaʃtem, joŋgaltmaʃəʃtem | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakəʃte | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakəʃtem, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋgaltmaʃkem, joŋgaltmaʃəʃkem | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakəʃkem, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋgaltmaʃeʃem | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakeʃ | joŋgaltmaʃ-βlakeʃem, joŋgaltmaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||