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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joŋgaltʃe |
| Genitive: | joŋgaltʃən |
| Dative: | joŋgaltʃəlan |
| Accusative: | joŋgaltʃəm |
| Comparative: | joŋgaltʃəla |
| Comitative: | joŋgaltʃəge |
| Inessive: | joŋgaltʃəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋgaltʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋgaltʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joŋgaltʃem |
| 2SG: | joŋgaltʃet |
| 3SG: | joŋgaltʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | joŋgaltʃəna |
| 2PL: | joŋgaltʃəda |
| 3PL: | joŋgaltʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joŋgaltʃe-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joŋgaltʃe-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joŋgaltʃəla |
| Sociative Plural: | joŋgaltʃəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joŋgaltʃem | joŋgaltʃe-βlak | joŋgaltʃe-βlakem, joŋgaltʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joŋgaltʃemən | joŋgaltʃe-βlakən | joŋgaltʃe-βlakemən, joŋgaltʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joŋgaltʃemlan, joŋgaltʃəlanem | joŋgaltʃe-βlaklan | joŋgaltʃe-βlakemlan, joŋgaltʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joŋgaltʃeməm | joŋgaltʃe-βlakəm | joŋgaltʃe-βlakeməm, joŋgaltʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joŋgaltʃemla, joŋgaltʃəlam | joŋgaltʃe-βlakla | joŋgaltʃe-βlakemla, joŋgaltʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joŋgaltʃemge | joŋgaltʃe-βlakge | joŋgaltʃe-βlakemge, joŋgaltʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joŋgaltʃəʃtem | joŋgaltʃe-βlakəʃte | joŋgaltʃe-βlakəʃtem, joŋgaltʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋgaltʃəʃkem | joŋgaltʃe-βlakəʃ(ke) | joŋgaltʃe-βlakəʃkem, joŋgaltʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋgaltʃeʃem | joŋgaltʃe-βlakeʃ | joŋgaltʃe-βlakeʃem, joŋgaltʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||