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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joŋələʃan |
| Genitive: | joŋələʃanən |
| Dative: | joŋələʃanlan |
| Accusative: | joŋələʃanəm |
| Comparative: | joŋələʃanla |
| Comitative: | joŋələʃange |
| Inessive: | joŋələʃanəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋələʃanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋələʃaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joŋələʃanem |
| 2SG: | joŋələʃanet |
| 3SG: | joŋələʃanʒe |
| 1PL: | joŋələʃanːa |
| 2PL: | joŋələʃanda |
| 3PL: | joŋələʃanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joŋələʃan-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joŋələʃan-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joŋələʃanla |
| Sociative Plural: | joŋələʃanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joŋələʃanem | joŋələʃan-βlak | joŋələʃan-βlakem, joŋələʃanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joŋələʃanemən | joŋələʃan-βlakən | joŋələʃan-βlakemən, joŋələʃanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joŋələʃanemlan, joŋələʃanlanem | joŋələʃan-βlaklan | joŋələʃan-βlakemlan, joŋələʃanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joŋələʃaneməm | joŋələʃan-βlakəm | joŋələʃan-βlakeməm, joŋələʃanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joŋələʃanemla, joŋələʃanlam | joŋələʃan-βlakla | joŋələʃan-βlakemla, joŋələʃanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joŋələʃanemge | joŋələʃan-βlakge | joŋələʃan-βlakemge, joŋələʃanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joŋələʃanəʃtem | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃte | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃtem, joŋələʃanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋələʃanəʃkem | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃ(ke) | joŋələʃan-βlakəʃkem, joŋələʃanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋələʃaneʃem | joŋələʃan-βlakeʃ | joŋələʃan-βlakeʃem, joŋələʃanem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||