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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joŋə̑štə̑maš |
| Genitive: | joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑n |
| Dative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašlan |
| Accusative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑m |
| Comparative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašla |
| Comitative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašge |
| Inessive: | joŋə̑štə̑mašte, joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑šte |
| Illative: | joŋə̑štə̑maške, joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joŋə̑štə̑mašem |
| 2SG: | joŋə̑štə̑mašet |
| 3SG: | joŋə̑štə̑mašše, joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑ž(e) |
| 1PL: | joŋə̑štə̑mašna |
| 2PL: | joŋə̑štə̑mašda |
| 3PL: | joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joŋə̑štə̑maš-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | joŋə̑štə̑mašla |
| Sociative Plural: | joŋə̑štə̑mašmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašem | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlak | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakem, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joŋə̑štə̑mašemə̑n | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakə̑n | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakemə̑n, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašemlan, joŋə̑štə̑mašlanem | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlaklan | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakemlan, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašemə̑m | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakə̑m | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakemə̑m, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašemla, joŋə̑štə̑mašlam | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakla | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakemla, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašemge | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakge | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakemge, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joŋə̑štə̑maštem, joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑štem | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakə̑šte | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakə̑štem, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | joŋə̑štə̑maškem, joŋə̑štə̑mašə̑škem | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakə̑š(ke) | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakə̑škem, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋə̑štə̑mašešem | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakeš | joŋə̑štə̑maš-βlakešem, joŋə̑štə̑mašem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||