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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joʃkən |
| Genitive: | joʃkənən |
| Dative: | joʃkənlan |
| Accusative: | joʃkənəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkənla |
| Comitative: | joʃkənge |
| Inessive: | joʃkənəʃto |
| Illative: | joʃkənəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | joʃkəneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joʃkənem |
| 2SG: | joʃkənet |
| 3SG: | joʃkənʒo |
| 1PL: | joʃkənːa |
| 2PL: | joʃkənda |
| 3PL: | joʃkənəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joʃkən-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joʃkən-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joʃkənla |
| Sociative Plural: | joʃkənmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joʃkənem | joʃkən-βlak | joʃkən-βlakem, joʃkənem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joʃkənemən | joʃkən-βlakən | joʃkən-βlakemən, joʃkənem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joʃkənemlan, joʃkənlanem | joʃkən-βlaklan | joʃkən-βlakemlan, joʃkənem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joʃkəneməm | joʃkən-βlakəm | joʃkən-βlakeməm, joʃkənem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joʃkənemla, joʃkənlam | joʃkən-βlakla | joʃkən-βlakemla, joʃkənem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joʃkənemge | joʃkən-βlakge | joʃkən-βlakemge, joʃkənem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joʃkənəʃtem | joʃkən-βlakəʃte | joʃkən-βlakəʃtem, joʃkənem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joʃkənəʃkem | joʃkən-βlakəʃ(ke) | joʃkən-βlakəʃkem, joʃkənem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joʃkəneʃem | joʃkən-βlakeʃ | joʃkən-βlakeʃem, joʃkənem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||