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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | joŋgo |
| Genitive: | joŋgən |
| Dative: | joŋgəlan |
| Accusative: | joŋgəm |
| Comparative: | joŋgəla |
| Comitative: | joŋgəge |
| Inessive: | joŋgəʃto |
| Illative: | joŋgəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | joŋgeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | joŋgem |
| 2SG: | joŋget |
| 3SG: | joŋgəʒ(o) |
| 1PL: | joŋgəna |
| 2PL: | joŋgəda |
| 3PL: | joŋgəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | joŋgo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | joŋgo-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | joŋgəla |
| Sociative Plural: | joŋgəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | joŋgem | joŋgo-βlak | joŋgo-βlakem, joŋgem-βlak |
| Genitive: | joŋgemən | joŋgo-βlakən | joŋgo-βlakemən, joŋgem-βlakən |
| Dative: | joŋgemlan, joŋgəlanem | joŋgo-βlaklan | joŋgo-βlakemlan, joŋgem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | joŋgeməm | joŋgo-βlakəm | joŋgo-βlakeməm, joŋgem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | joŋgemla, joŋgəlam | joŋgo-βlakla | joŋgo-βlakemla, joŋgem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | joŋgemge | joŋgo-βlakge | joŋgo-βlakemge, joŋgem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | joŋgəʃtem | joŋgo-βlakəʃte | joŋgo-βlakəʃtem, joŋgem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | joŋgəʃkem | joŋgo-βlakəʃ(ke) | joŋgo-βlakəʃkem, joŋgem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | joŋgeʃem | joŋgo-βlakeʃ | joŋgo-βlakeʃem, joŋgem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||