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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | jəmal |
| Genitive: | jəmalən |
| Dative: | jəmalːan |
| Accusative: | jəmaləm |
| Comparative: | jəmalːa |
| Comitative: | jəmalge |
| Inessive: | jəmaləʃte |
| Illative: | jəmaləʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | jəmaleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | jəmalem |
| 2SG: | jəmalet |
| 3SG: | jəmalʒe |
| 1PL: | jəmalna |
| 2PL: | jəmalda |
| 3PL: | jəmaləʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | jəmal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | jəmal-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | jəmalːa |
| Sociative Plural: | jəmalmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | jəmalem | jəmal-βlak | jəmal-βlakem, jəmalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | jəmalemən | jəmal-βlakən | jəmal-βlakemən, jəmalem-βlakən |
| Dative: | jəmalemlan, jəmalːanem | jəmal-βlaklan | jəmal-βlakemlan, jəmalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | jəmaleməm | jəmal-βlakəm | jəmal-βlakeməm, jəmalem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | jəmalemla, jəmalːam | jəmal-βlakla | jəmal-βlakemla, jəmalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | jəmalemge | jəmal-βlakge | jəmal-βlakemge, jəmalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | jəmaləʃtem | jəmal-βlakəʃte | jəmal-βlakəʃtem, jəmalem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | jəmaləʃkem | jəmal-βlakəʃ(ke) | jəmal-βlakəʃkem, jəmalem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | jəmaleʃem | jəmal-βlakeʃ | jəmal-βlakeʃem, jəmalem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||