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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | jə̑pšə̑k |
| Genitive: | jə̑pšə̑kə̑n |
| Dative: | jə̑pšə̑klan |
| Accusative: | jə̑pšə̑kə̑m |
| Comparative: | jə̑pšə̑kla |
| Comitative: | jə̑pšə̑kge |
| Inessive: | jə̑pšə̑kə̑šte |
| Illative: | jə̑pšə̑kə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | jə̑pšə̑keš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | jə̑pšə̑kem |
| 2SG: | jə̑pšə̑ket |
| 3SG: | jə̑pšə̑kše |
| 1PL: | jə̑pšə̑kna |
| 2PL: | jə̑pšə̑kda |
| 3PL: | jə̑pšə̑kə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | jə̑pšə̑k-βlak |
| Plural (2): | jə̑pšə̑k-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | jə̑pšə̑kla |
| Sociative Plural: | jə̑pšə̑kmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | jə̑pšə̑kem | jə̑pšə̑k-βlak | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakem, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlak |
| Genitive: | jə̑pšə̑kemə̑n | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakə̑n | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakemə̑n, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | jə̑pšə̑kemlan, jə̑pšə̑klanem | jə̑pšə̑k-βlaklan | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakemlan, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | jə̑pšə̑kemə̑m | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakə̑m | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakemə̑m, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | jə̑pšə̑kemla, jə̑pšə̑klam | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakla | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakemla, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | jə̑pšə̑kemge | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakge | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakemge, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | jə̑pšə̑kə̑štem | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakə̑šte | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakə̑štem, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | jə̑pšə̑kə̑škem | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakə̑š(ke) | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakə̑škem, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | jə̑pšə̑kešem | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakeš | jə̑pšə̑k-βlakešem, jə̑pšə̑kem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||