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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaβa |
| Genitive: | kaβan |
| Dative: | kaβalan |
| Accusative: | kaβam |
| Comparative: | kaβala |
| Comitative: | kaβage |
| Inessive: | kaβašte |
| Illative: | kaβaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kaβaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaβam |
| 2SG: | kaβat |
| 3SG: | kaβaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kaβana |
| 2PL: | kaβada |
| 3PL: | kaβašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaβa-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaβa-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kaβala |
| Sociative Plural: | kaβamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaβam | kaβa-βlak | kaβa-βlakem, kaβam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaβamə̑n | kaβa-βlakə̑n | kaβa-βlakemə̑n, kaβam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kaβamlan, kaβalanem | kaβa-βlaklan | kaβa-βlakemlan, kaβam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaβamə̑m | kaβa-βlakə̑m | kaβa-βlakemə̑m, kaβam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kaβamla, kaβalam | kaβa-βlakla | kaβa-βlakemla, kaβam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaβamge | kaβa-βlakge | kaβa-βlakemge, kaβam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaβaštem | kaβa-βlakə̑šte | kaβa-βlakə̑štem, kaβam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kaβaškem | kaβa-βlakə̑š(ke) | kaβa-βlakə̑škem, kaβam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kaβašem | kaβa-βlakeš | kaβa-βlakešem, kaβam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||