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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kazaŋga |
| Genitive: | kazaŋgan |
| Dative: | kazaŋgalan |
| Accusative: | kazaŋgam |
| Comparative: | kazaŋgala |
| Comitative: | kazaŋgage |
| Inessive: | kazaŋgašte |
| Illative: | kazaŋgaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kazaŋgaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kazaŋgam |
| 2SG: | kazaŋgat |
| 3SG: | kazaŋgaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kazaŋgana |
| 2PL: | kazaŋgada |
| 3PL: | kazaŋgašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kazaŋga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kazaŋga-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kazaŋgala |
| Sociative Plural: | kazaŋgamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kazaŋgam | kazaŋga-βlak | kazaŋga-βlakem, kazaŋgam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kazaŋgamə̑n | kazaŋga-βlakə̑n | kazaŋga-βlakemə̑n, kazaŋgam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kazaŋgamlan, kazaŋgalanem | kazaŋga-βlaklan | kazaŋga-βlakemlan, kazaŋgam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kazaŋgamə̑m | kazaŋga-βlakə̑m | kazaŋga-βlakemə̑m, kazaŋgam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kazaŋgamla, kazaŋgalam | kazaŋga-βlakla | kazaŋga-βlakemla, kazaŋgam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kazaŋgamge | kazaŋga-βlakge | kazaŋga-βlakemge, kazaŋgam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kazaŋgaštem | kazaŋga-βlakə̑šte | kazaŋga-βlakə̑štem, kazaŋgam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kazaŋgaškem | kazaŋga-βlakə̑š(ke) | kazaŋga-βlakə̑škem, kazaŋgam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kazaŋgašem | kazaŋga-βlakeš | kazaŋga-βlakešem, kazaŋgam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||