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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kajnaga |
| Genitive: | kajnagan |
| Dative: | kajnagalan |
| Accusative: | kajnagam |
| Comparative: | kajnagala |
| Comitative: | kajnagage |
| Inessive: | kajnagaʃte |
| Illative: | kajnagaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kajnagaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kajnagam |
| 2SG: | kajnagat |
| 3SG: | kajnagaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kajnagana |
| 2PL: | kajnagada |
| 3PL: | kajnagaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kajnaga-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kajnaga-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kajnagala |
| Sociative Plural: | kajnagamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kajnagam | kajnaga-βlak | kajnaga-βlakem, kajnagam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kajnagamən | kajnaga-βlakən | kajnaga-βlakemən, kajnagam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kajnagamlan, kajnagalanem | kajnaga-βlaklan | kajnaga-βlakemlan, kajnagam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kajnagaməm | kajnaga-βlakəm | kajnaga-βlakeməm, kajnagam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kajnagamla, kajnagalam | kajnaga-βlakla | kajnaga-βlakemla, kajnagam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kajnagamge | kajnaga-βlakge | kajnaga-βlakemge, kajnagam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kajnagaʃtem | kajnaga-βlakəʃte | kajnaga-βlakəʃtem, kajnagam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kajnagaʃkem | kajnaga-βlakəʃ(ke) | kajnaga-βlakəʃkem, kajnagam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kajnagaʃem | kajnaga-βlakeʃ | kajnaga-βlakeʃem, kajnagam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||