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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kakʎaka |
| Genitive: | kakʎakan |
| Dative: | kakʎakalan |
| Accusative: | kakʎakam |
| Comparative: | kakʎakala |
| Comitative: | kakʎakage |
| Inessive: | kakʎakaʃte |
| Illative: | kakʎakaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kakʎakaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kakʎakam |
| 2SG: | kakʎakat |
| 3SG: | kakʎakaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kakʎakana |
| 2PL: | kakʎakada |
| 3PL: | kakʎakaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kakʎaka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kakʎaka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kakʎakala |
| Sociative Plural: | kakʎakamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kakʎakam | kakʎaka-βlak | kakʎaka-βlakem, kakʎakam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kakʎakamən | kakʎaka-βlakən | kakʎaka-βlakemən, kakʎakam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kakʎakamlan, kakʎakalanem | kakʎaka-βlaklan | kakʎaka-βlakemlan, kakʎakam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kakʎakaməm | kakʎaka-βlakəm | kakʎaka-βlakeməm, kakʎakam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kakʎakamla, kakʎakalam | kakʎaka-βlakla | kakʎaka-βlakemla, kakʎakam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kakʎakamge | kakʎaka-βlakge | kakʎaka-βlakemge, kakʎakam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kakʎakaʃtem | kakʎaka-βlakəʃte | kakʎaka-βlakəʃtem, kakʎakam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kakʎakaʃkem | kakʎaka-βlakəʃ(ke) | kakʎaka-βlakəʃkem, kakʎakam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kakʎakaʃem | kakʎaka-βlakeʃ | kakʎaka-βlakeʃem, kakʎakam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||