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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kalitka |
| Genitive: | kalitkan |
| Dative: | kalitkalan |
| Accusative: | kalitkam |
| Comparative: | kalitkala |
| Comitative: | kalitkage |
| Inessive: | kalitkaʃte |
| Illative: | kalitkaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kalitkaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kalitkam |
| 2SG: | kalitkat |
| 3SG: | kalitkaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kalitkana |
| 2PL: | kalitkada |
| 3PL: | kalitkaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kalitka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kalitka-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kalitkala |
| Sociative Plural: | kalitkamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kalitkam | kalitka-βlak | kalitka-βlakem, kalitkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kalitkamən | kalitka-βlakən | kalitka-βlakemən, kalitkam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kalitkamlan, kalitkalanem | kalitka-βlaklan | kalitka-βlakemlan, kalitkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kalitkaməm | kalitka-βlakəm | kalitka-βlakeməm, kalitkam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kalitkamla, kalitkalam | kalitka-βlakla | kalitka-βlakemla, kalitkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kalitkamge | kalitka-βlakge | kalitka-βlakemge, kalitkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kalitkaʃtem | kalitka-βlakəʃte | kalitka-βlakəʃtem, kalitkam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kalitkaʃkem | kalitka-βlakəʃ(ke) | kalitka-βlakəʃkem, kalitkam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kalitkaʃem | kalitka-βlakeʃ | kalitka-βlakeʃem, kalitkam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||