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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kalə̑m |
| Genitive: | kalə̑mə̑n |
| Dative: | kalə̑mlan |
| Accusative: | kalə̑mə̑m |
| Comparative: | kalə̑mla |
| Comitative: | kalə̑mge |
| Inessive: | kalə̑mə̑šte |
| Illative: | kalə̑mə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kalə̑meš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kalə̑mem |
| 2SG: | kalə̑met |
| 3SG: | kalə̑mže |
| 1PL: | kalə̑mna |
| 2PL: | kalə̑mda |
| 3PL: | kalə̑mə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kalə̑m-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kalə̑m-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kalə̑mla |
| Sociative Plural: | kalə̑mmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kalə̑mem | kalə̑m-βlak | kalə̑m-βlakem, kalə̑mem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kalə̑memə̑n | kalə̑m-βlakə̑n | kalə̑m-βlakemə̑n, kalə̑mem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kalə̑memlan, kalə̑mlanem | kalə̑m-βlaklan | kalə̑m-βlakemlan, kalə̑mem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kalə̑memə̑m | kalə̑m-βlakə̑m | kalə̑m-βlakemə̑m, kalə̑mem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kalə̑memla, kalə̑mlam | kalə̑m-βlakla | kalə̑m-βlakemla, kalə̑mem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kalə̑memge | kalə̑m-βlakge | kalə̑m-βlakemge, kalə̑mem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kalə̑mə̑štem | kalə̑m-βlakə̑šte | kalə̑m-βlakə̑štem, kalə̑mem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kalə̑mə̑škem | kalə̑m-βlakə̑š(ke) | kalə̑m-βlakə̑škem, kalə̑mem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kalə̑mešem | kalə̑m-βlakeš | kalə̑m-βlakešem, kalə̑mem-βlakeš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||