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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kapara |
| Genitive: | kaparan |
| Dative: | kaparalan |
| Accusative: | kaparam |
| Comparative: | kaparala |
| Comitative: | kaparage |
| Inessive: | kaparaʃte |
| Illative: | kaparaʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaparaʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaparam |
| 2SG: | kaparat |
| 3SG: | kaparaʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kaparana |
| 2PL: | kaparada |
| 3PL: | kaparaʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kapara-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kapara-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kaparala |
| Sociative Plural: | kaparamət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaparam | kapara-βlak | kapara-βlakem, kaparam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaparamən | kapara-βlakən | kapara-βlakemən, kaparam-βlakən |
| Dative: | kaparamlan, kaparalanem | kapara-βlaklan | kapara-βlakemlan, kaparam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaparaməm | kapara-βlakəm | kapara-βlakeməm, kaparam-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kaparamla, kaparalam | kapara-βlakla | kapara-βlakemla, kaparam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaparamge | kapara-βlakge | kapara-βlakemge, kaparam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaparaʃtem | kapara-βlakəʃte | kapara-βlakəʃtem, kaparam-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaparaʃkem | kapara-βlakəʃ(ke) | kapara-βlakəʃkem, kaparam-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaparaʃem | kapara-βlakeʃ | kapara-βlakeʃem, kaparam-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||