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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kapkakəl |
| Genitive: | kapkakələn |
| Dative: | kapkakəlːan |
| Accusative: | kapkakələm |
| Comparative: | kapkakəlːa |
| Comitative: | kapkakəlge |
| Inessive: | kapkakələʃte |
| Illative: | kapkakələʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kapkakəleʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kapkakəlem |
| 2SG: | kapkakəlet |
| 3SG: | kapkakəlʒe |
| 1PL: | kapkakəlna |
| 2PL: | kapkakəlda |
| 3PL: | kapkakələʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kapkakəl-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kapkakəl-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kapkakəlːa |
| Sociative Plural: | kapkakəlmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kapkakəlem | kapkakəl-βlak | kapkakəl-βlakem, kapkakəlem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kapkakəlemən | kapkakəl-βlakən | kapkakəl-βlakemən, kapkakəlem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kapkakəlemlan, kapkakəlːanem | kapkakəl-βlaklan | kapkakəl-βlakemlan, kapkakəlem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kapkakəleməm | kapkakəl-βlakəm | kapkakəl-βlakeməm, kapkakəlem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kapkakəlemla, kapkakəlːam | kapkakəl-βlakla | kapkakəl-βlakemla, kapkakəlem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kapkakəlemge | kapkakəl-βlakge | kapkakəl-βlakemge, kapkakəlem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kapkakələʃtem | kapkakəl-βlakəʃte | kapkakəl-βlakəʃtem, kapkakəlem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kapkakələʃkem | kapkakəl-βlakəʃ(ke) | kapkakəl-βlakəʃkem, kapkakəlem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kapkakəleʃem | kapkakəl-βlakeʃ | kapkakəl-βlakeʃem, kapkakəlem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||