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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kapkas |
| Genitive: | kapkasən |
| Dative: | kapkaslan |
| Accusative: | kapkasəm |
| Comparative: | kapkasla |
| Comitative: | kapkasge |
| Inessive: | kapkasəʃte |
| Illative: | kapkasəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kapkaseʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kapkasem |
| 2SG: | kapkaset |
| 3SG: | kapkasʃe |
| 1PL: | kapkasna |
| 2PL: | kapkasda |
| 3PL: | kapkasəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kapkas-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kapkas-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kapkasla |
| Sociative Plural: | kapkasmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kapkasem | kapkas-βlak | kapkas-βlakem, kapkasem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kapkasemən | kapkas-βlakən | kapkas-βlakemən, kapkasem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kapkasemlan, kapkaslanem | kapkas-βlaklan | kapkas-βlakemlan, kapkasem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kapkaseməm | kapkas-βlakəm | kapkas-βlakeməm, kapkasem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kapkasemla, kapkaslam | kapkas-βlakla | kapkas-βlakemla, kapkasem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kapkasemge | kapkas-βlakge | kapkas-βlakemge, kapkasem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kapkasəʃtem | kapkas-βlakəʃte | kapkas-βlakəʃtem, kapkasem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kapkasəʃkem | kapkas-βlakəʃ(ke) | kapkas-βlakəʃkem, kapkasem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kapkaseʃem | kapkas-βlakeʃ | kapkas-βlakeʃem, kapkasem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||