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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | karauʎnəj |
| Genitive: | karauʎnəjən |
| Dative: | karauʎnəjlan |
| Accusative: | karauʎnəjəm |
| Comparative: | karauʎnəjla |
| Comitative: | karauʎnəjge |
| Inessive: | karauʎnəjəʃto |
| Illative: | karauʎnəjəʃ(ko) |
| Lative: | karauʎnəjeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | karauʎnəjem |
| 2SG: | karauʎnəjet |
| 3SG: | karauʎnəjʒo |
| 1PL: | karauʎnəjna |
| 2PL: | karauʎnəjda |
| 3PL: | karauʎnəjəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | karauʎnəj-βlak |
| Plural (2): | karauʎnəj-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | karauʎnəjla |
| Sociative Plural: | karauʎnəjmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | karauʎnəjem | karauʎnəj-βlak | karauʎnəj-βlakem, karauʎnəjem-βlak |
| Genitive: | karauʎnəjemən | karauʎnəj-βlakən | karauʎnəj-βlakemən, karauʎnəjem-βlakən |
| Dative: | karauʎnəjemlan, karauʎnəjlanem | karauʎnəj-βlaklan | karauʎnəj-βlakemlan, karauʎnəjem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | karauʎnəjeməm | karauʎnəj-βlakəm | karauʎnəj-βlakeməm, karauʎnəjem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | karauʎnəjemla, karauʎnəjlam | karauʎnəj-βlakla | karauʎnəj-βlakemla, karauʎnəjem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | karauʎnəjemge | karauʎnəj-βlakge | karauʎnəj-βlakemge, karauʎnəjem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | karauʎnəjəʃtem | karauʎnəj-βlakəʃte | karauʎnəj-βlakəʃtem, karauʎnəjem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | karauʎnəjəʃkem | karauʎnəj-βlakəʃ(ke) | karauʎnəj-βlakəʃkem, karauʎnəjem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | karauʎnəjeʃem | karauʎnəj-βlakeʃ | karauʎnəj-βlakeʃem, karauʎnəjem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||