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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | karaʃ |
| Genitive: | karaʃən |
| Dative: | karaʃlan |
| Accusative: | karaʃəm |
| Comparative: | karaʃla |
| Comitative: | karaʃge |
| Inessive: | karaʃte, karaʃəʃte |
| Illative: | karaʃke, karaʃəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | karaʃeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | karaʃem |
| 2SG: | karaʃet |
| 3SG: | karaʃːe, karaʃəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | karaʃna |
| 2PL: | karaʃda |
| 3PL: | karaʃəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | karaʃ-βlak |
| Plural (2): | karaʃ-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | karaʃla |
| Sociative Plural: | karaʃmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | karaʃem | karaʃ-βlak | karaʃ-βlakem, karaʃem-βlak |
| Genitive: | karaʃemən | karaʃ-βlakən | karaʃ-βlakemən, karaʃem-βlakən |
| Dative: | karaʃemlan, karaʃlanem | karaʃ-βlaklan | karaʃ-βlakemlan, karaʃem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | karaʃeməm | karaʃ-βlakəm | karaʃ-βlakeməm, karaʃem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | karaʃemla, karaʃlam | karaʃ-βlakla | karaʃ-βlakemla, karaʃem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | karaʃemge | karaʃ-βlakge | karaʃ-βlakemge, karaʃem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | karaʃtem, karaʃəʃtem | karaʃ-βlakəʃte | karaʃ-βlakəʃtem, karaʃem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | karaʃkem, karaʃəʃkem | karaʃ-βlakəʃ(ke) | karaʃ-βlakəʃkem, karaʃem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | karaʃeʃem | karaʃ-βlakeʃ | karaʃ-βlakeʃem, karaʃem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||