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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | karda |
| Genitive: | kardan |
| Dative: | kardalan |
| Accusative: | kardam |
| Comparative: | kardala |
| Comitative: | kardage |
| Inessive: | kardašte |
| Illative: | kardaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kardaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kardam |
| 2SG: | kardat |
| 3SG: | kardaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kardana |
| 2PL: | kardada |
| 3PL: | kardašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | karda-βlak |
| Plural (2): | karda-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kardala |
| Sociative Plural: | kardamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kardam | karda-βlak | karda-βlakem, kardam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kardamə̑n | karda-βlakə̑n | karda-βlakemə̑n, kardam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kardamlan, kardalanem | karda-βlaklan | karda-βlakemlan, kardam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kardamə̑m | karda-βlakə̑m | karda-βlakemə̑m, kardam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kardamla, kardalam | karda-βlakla | karda-βlakemla, kardam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kardamge | karda-βlakge | karda-βlakemge, kardam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kardaštem | karda-βlakə̑šte | karda-βlakə̑štem, kardam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kardaškem | karda-βlakə̑š(ke) | karda-βlakə̑škem, kardam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kardašem | karda-βlakeš | karda-βlakešem, kardam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||