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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | karnaβal |
| Genitive: | karnaβalə̑n |
| Dative: | karnaβallan |
| Accusative: | karnaβalə̑m |
| Comparative: | karnaβalla |
| Comitative: | karnaβalge |
| Inessive: | karnaβalə̑šte |
| Illative: | karnaβalə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | karnaβaleš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | karnaβalem |
| 2SG: | karnaβalet |
| 3SG: | karnaβalže |
| 1PL: | karnaβalna |
| 2PL: | karnaβalda |
| 3PL: | karnaβalə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | karnaβal-βlak |
| Plural (2): | karnaβal-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | karnaβalla |
| Sociative Plural: | karnaβalmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | karnaβalem | karnaβal-βlak | karnaβal-βlakem, karnaβalem-βlak |
| Genitive: | karnaβalemə̑n | karnaβal-βlakə̑n | karnaβal-βlakemə̑n, karnaβalem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | karnaβalemlan, karnaβallanem | karnaβal-βlaklan | karnaβal-βlakemlan, karnaβalem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | karnaβalemə̑m | karnaβal-βlakə̑m | karnaβal-βlakemə̑m, karnaβalem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | karnaβalemla, karnaβallam | karnaβal-βlakla | karnaβal-βlakemla, karnaβalem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | karnaβalemge | karnaβal-βlakge | karnaβal-βlakemge, karnaβalem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | karnaβalə̑štem | karnaβal-βlakə̑šte | karnaβal-βlakə̑štem, karnaβalem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | karnaβalə̑škem | karnaβal-βlakə̑š(ke) | karnaβal-βlakə̑škem, karnaβalem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | karnaβalešem | karnaβal-βlakeš | karnaβal-βlakešem, karnaβalem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||