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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | karst |
| Genitive: | karstə̑n |
| Dative: | karstlan |
| Accusative: | karstə̑m |
| Comparative: | karstla |
| Comitative: | karstge |
| Inessive: | karstə̑šte |
| Illative: | karstə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | karsteš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | karstem |
| 2SG: | karstet |
| 3SG: | karstše |
| 1PL: | karstna |
| 2PL: | karstda |
| 3PL: | karstə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | karst-βlak |
| Plural (2): | karst-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | karstla |
| Sociative Plural: | karstmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | karstem | karst-βlak | karst-βlakem, karstem-βlak |
| Genitive: | karstemə̑n | karst-βlakə̑n | karst-βlakemə̑n, karstem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | karstemlan, karstlanem | karst-βlaklan | karst-βlakemlan, karstem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | karstemə̑m | karst-βlakə̑m | karst-βlakemə̑m, karstem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | karstemla, karstlam | karst-βlakla | karst-βlakemla, karstem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | karstemge | karst-βlakge | karst-βlakemge, karstem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | karstə̑štem | karst-βlakə̑šte | karst-βlakə̑štem, karstem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | karstə̑škem | karst-βlakə̑š(ke) | karst-βlakə̑škem, karstem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | karstešem | karst-βlakeš | karst-βlakešem, karstem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||