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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kartopka |
| Genitive: | kartopkan |
| Dative: | kartopkalan |
| Accusative: | kartopkam |
| Comparative: | kartopkala |
| Comitative: | kartopkage |
| Inessive: | kartopkašte |
| Illative: | kartopkaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kartopkaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kartopkam |
| 2SG: | kartopkat |
| 3SG: | kartopkaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kartopkana |
| 2PL: | kartopkada |
| 3PL: | kartopkašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kartopka-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kartopka-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kartopkala |
| Sociative Plural: | kartopkamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kartopkam | kartopka-βlak | kartopka-βlakem, kartopkam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kartopkamə̑n | kartopka-βlakə̑n | kartopka-βlakemə̑n, kartopkam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kartopkamlan, kartopkalanem | kartopka-βlaklan | kartopka-βlakemlan, kartopkam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kartopkamə̑m | kartopka-βlakə̑m | kartopka-βlakemə̑m, kartopkam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kartopkamla, kartopkalam | kartopka-βlakla | kartopka-βlakemla, kartopkam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kartopkamge | kartopka-βlakge | kartopka-βlakemge, kartopkam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kartopkaštem | kartopka-βlakə̑šte | kartopka-βlakə̑štem, kartopkam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kartopkaškem | kartopka-βlakə̑š(ke) | kartopka-βlakə̑škem, kartopkam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kartopkašem | kartopka-βlakeš | kartopka-βlakešem, kartopkam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||