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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kašak |
| Genitive: | kašakə̑n |
| Dative: | kašaklan |
| Accusative: | kašakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kašakla |
| Comitative: | kašakge |
| Inessive: | kašakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kašakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kašakeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kašakem |
| 2SG: | kašaket |
| 3SG: | kašakše |
| 1PL: | kašakna |
| 2PL: | kašakda |
| 3PL: | kašakə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kašak-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kašak-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kašakla |
| Sociative Plural: | kašakmə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kašakem | kašak-βlak | kašak-βlakem, kašakem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kašakemə̑n | kašak-βlakə̑n | kašak-βlakemə̑n, kašakem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kašakemlan, kašaklanem | kašak-βlaklan | kašak-βlakemlan, kašakem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kašakemə̑m | kašak-βlakə̑m | kašak-βlakemə̑m, kašakem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kašakemla, kašaklam | kašak-βlakla | kašak-βlakemla, kašakem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kašakemge | kašak-βlakge | kašak-βlakemge, kašakem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kašakə̑štem | kašak-βlakə̑šte | kašak-βlakə̑štem, kašakem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kašakə̑škem | kašak-βlakə̑š(ke) | kašak-βlakə̑škem, kašakem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kašakešem | kašak-βlakeš | kašak-βlakešem, kašakem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||