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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaʃak |
| Genitive: | kaʃakən |
| Dative: | kaʃaklan |
| Accusative: | kaʃakəm |
| Comparative: | kaʃakla |
| Comitative: | kaʃakge |
| Inessive: | kaʃakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaʃakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaʃakeʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaʃakem |
| 2SG: | kaʃaket |
| 3SG: | kaʃakʃe |
| 1PL: | kaʃakna |
| 2PL: | kaʃakda |
| 3PL: | kaʃakəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaʃak-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaʃak-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kaʃakla |
| Sociative Plural: | kaʃakmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaʃakem | kaʃak-βlak | kaʃak-βlakem, kaʃakem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaʃakemən | kaʃak-βlakən | kaʃak-βlakemən, kaʃakem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kaʃakemlan, kaʃaklanem | kaʃak-βlaklan | kaʃak-βlakemlan, kaʃakem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaʃakeməm | kaʃak-βlakəm | kaʃak-βlakeməm, kaʃakem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kaʃakemla, kaʃaklam | kaʃak-βlakla | kaʃak-βlakemla, kaʃakem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaʃakemge | kaʃak-βlakge | kaʃak-βlakemge, kaʃakem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaʃakəʃtem | kaʃak-βlakəʃte | kaʃak-βlakəʃtem, kaʃakem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaʃakəʃkem | kaʃak-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaʃak-βlakəʃkem, kaʃakem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaʃakeʃem | kaʃak-βlakeʃ | kaʃak-βlakeʃem, kaʃakem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||