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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | кашка |
| Genitive: | кашкан |
| Dative: | кашкалан |
| Accusative: | кашкам |
| Comparative: | кашкала |
| Comitative: | кашкаге |
| Inessive: | кашкаште |
| Illative: | кашкаш(ке) |
| Lative: | кашкаш |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | кашкам |
| 2SG: | кашкат |
| 3SG: | кашкаж(е) |
| 1PL: | кашкана |
| 2PL: | кашкада |
| 3PL: | кашкашт |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | кашка-влак |
| Plural (2): | кашка-шамыч |
| Short Plural: | кашкала |
| Sociative Plural: | кашкамыт |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | кашкам | кашка-влак | кашка-влакем, кашкам-влак |
| Genitive: | кашкамын | кашка-влакын | кашка-влакемын, кашкам-влакын |
| Dative: | кашкамлан, кашкаланем | кашка-влаклан | кашка-влакемлан, кашкам-влаклан |
| Accusative: | кашкамым | кашка-влакым | кашка-влакемым, кашкам-влакым |
| Comparative: | кашкамла, кашкалам | кашка-влакла | кашка-влакемла, кашкам-влакла |
| Comitative: | кашкамге | кашка-влакге | кашка-влакемге, кашкам-влакге |
| Inessive: | кашкаштем | кашка-влакыште | кашка-влакыштем, кашкам-влакыште |
| Illative: | кашкашкем | кашка-влакыш(ке) | кашка-влакышкем, кашкам-влакыш(ке) |
| Lative: | кашкашем | кашка-влакеш | кашка-влакешем, кашкам-влакеш |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||