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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaška |
| Genitive: | kaškan |
| Dative: | kaškalan |
| Accusative: | kaškam |
| Comparative: | kaškala |
| Comitative: | kaškage |
| Inessive: | kaškašte |
| Illative: | kaškaš(ke) |
| Lative: | kaškaš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaškam |
| 2SG: | kaškat |
| 3SG: | kaškaž(e) |
| 1PL: | kaškana |
| 2PL: | kaškada |
| 3PL: | kaškašt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaška-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaška-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kaškala |
| Sociative Plural: | kaškamə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaškam | kaška-βlak | kaška-βlakem, kaškam-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaškamə̑n | kaška-βlakə̑n | kaška-βlakemə̑n, kaškam-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kaškamlan, kaškalanem | kaška-βlaklan | kaška-βlakemlan, kaškam-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaškamə̑m | kaška-βlakə̑m | kaška-βlakemə̑m, kaškam-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kaškamla, kaškalam | kaška-βlakla | kaška-βlakemla, kaškam-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaškamge | kaška-βlakge | kaška-βlakemge, kaškam-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaškaštem | kaška-βlakə̑šte | kaška-βlakə̑štem, kaškam-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kaškaškem | kaška-βlakə̑š(ke) | kaška-βlakə̑škem, kaškam-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kaškašem | kaška-βlakeš | kaška-βlakešem, kaškam-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||