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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaʃne |
| Genitive: | kaʃnen |
| Dative: | kaʃnelan |
| Accusative: | kaʃnem |
| Comparative: | kaʃnela |
| Comitative: | kaʃnege |
| Inessive: | kaʃneʃte |
| Illative: | kaʃneʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaʃneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaʃnem |
| 2SG: | kaʃnet |
| 3SG: | kaʃneʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kaʃnena |
| 2PL: | kaʃneda |
| 3PL: | kaʃneʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaʃne-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaʃne-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kaʃnela |
| Sociative Plural: | kaʃnemət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaʃnem | kaʃne-βlak | kaʃne-βlakem, kaʃnem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaʃnemən | kaʃne-βlakən | kaʃne-βlakemən, kaʃnem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kaʃnemlan, kaʃnelanem | kaʃne-βlaklan | kaʃne-βlakemlan, kaʃnem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaʃneməm | kaʃne-βlakəm | kaʃne-βlakeməm, kaʃnem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kaʃnemla, kaʃnelam | kaʃne-βlakla | kaʃne-βlakemla, kaʃnem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaʃnemge | kaʃne-βlakge | kaʃne-βlakemge, kaʃnem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaʃneʃtem | kaʃne-βlakəʃte | kaʃne-βlakəʃtem, kaʃnem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaʃneʃkem | kaʃne-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaʃne-βlakəʃkem, kaʃnem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaʃneʃem | kaʃne-βlakeʃ | kaʃne-βlakeʃem, kaʃnem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||