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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaštaβoŋgo |
| Genitive: | kaštaβoŋgə̑n |
| Dative: | kaštaβoŋgə̑lan |
| Accusative: | kaštaβoŋgə̑m |
| Comparative: | kaštaβoŋgə̑la |
| Comitative: | kaštaβoŋgə̑ge |
| Inessive: | kaštaβoŋgə̑što |
| Illative: | kaštaβoŋgə̑š(ko) |
| Lative: | kaštaβoŋgeš |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaštaβoŋgem |
| 2SG: | kaštaβoŋget |
| 3SG: | kaštaβoŋgə̑ž(o) |
| 1PL: | kaštaβoŋgə̑na |
| 2PL: | kaštaβoŋgə̑da |
| 3PL: | kaštaβoŋgə̑št |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaštaβoŋgo-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaštaβoŋgo-šamə̑č́ |
| Short Plural: | kaštaβoŋgə̑la |
| Sociative Plural: | kaštaβoŋgə̑mə̑t |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaštaβoŋgem | kaštaβoŋgo-βlak | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakem, kaštaβoŋgem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaštaβoŋgemə̑n | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakə̑n | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakemə̑n, kaštaβoŋgem-βlakə̑n |
| Dative: | kaštaβoŋgemlan, kaštaβoŋgə̑lanem | kaštaβoŋgo-βlaklan | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakemlan, kaštaβoŋgem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaštaβoŋgemə̑m | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakə̑m | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakemə̑m, kaštaβoŋgem-βlakə̑m |
| Comparative: | kaštaβoŋgemla, kaštaβoŋgə̑lam | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakla | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakemla, kaštaβoŋgem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaštaβoŋgemge | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakge | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakemge, kaštaβoŋgem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaštaβoŋgə̑štem | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakə̑šte | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakə̑štem, kaštaβoŋgem-βlakə̑šte |
| Illative: | kaštaβoŋgə̑škem | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakə̑š(ke) | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakə̑škem, kaštaβoŋgem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
| Lative: | kaštaβoŋgešem | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakeš | kaštaβoŋgo-βlakešem, kaštaβoŋgem-βlakeš |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||