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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaʃtase |
| Genitive: | kaʃtasən |
| Dative: | kaʃtasəlan |
| Accusative: | kaʃtasəm |
| Comparative: | kaʃtasəla |
| Comitative: | kaʃtasəge |
| Inessive: | kaʃtasəʃte |
| Illative: | kaʃtasəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaʃtaseʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaʃtasem |
| 2SG: | kaʃtaset |
| 3SG: | kaʃtasəʒ(e) |
| 1PL: | kaʃtasəna |
| 2PL: | kaʃtasəda |
| 3PL: | kaʃtasəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaʃtase-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaʃtase-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kaʃtasəla |
| Sociative Plural: | kaʃtasəmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaʃtasem | kaʃtase-βlak | kaʃtase-βlakem, kaʃtasem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaʃtasemən | kaʃtase-βlakən | kaʃtase-βlakemən, kaʃtasem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kaʃtasemlan, kaʃtasəlanem | kaʃtase-βlaklan | kaʃtase-βlakemlan, kaʃtasem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaʃtaseməm | kaʃtase-βlakəm | kaʃtase-βlakeməm, kaʃtasem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kaʃtasemla, kaʃtasəlam | kaʃtase-βlakla | kaʃtase-βlakemla, kaʃtasem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaʃtasemge | kaʃtase-βlakge | kaʃtase-βlakemge, kaʃtasem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaʃtasəʃtem | kaʃtase-βlakəʃte | kaʃtase-βlakəʃtem, kaʃtasem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaʃtasəʃkem | kaʃtase-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaʃtase-βlakəʃkem, kaʃtasem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaʃtaseʃem | kaʃtase-βlakeʃ | kaʃtase-βlakeʃem, kaʃtasem-βlakeʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||