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Paradigm Generator
You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Case Suffixes
| Nominative: | kaŋaʃəman |
| Genitive: | kaŋaʃəmanən |
| Dative: | kaŋaʃəmanlan |
| Accusative: | kaŋaʃəmanəm |
| Comparative: | kaŋaʃəmanla |
| Comitative: | kaŋaʃəmange |
| Inessive: | kaŋaʃəmanəʃte |
| Illative: | kaŋaʃəmanəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaŋaʃəmaneʃ |
Possessive Suffixes
| 1SG: | kaŋaʃəmanem |
| 2SG: | kaŋaʃəmanet |
| 3SG: | kaŋaʃəmanʒe |
| 1PL: | kaŋaʃəmanːa |
| 2PL: | kaŋaʃəmanda |
| 3PL: | kaŋaʃəmanəʃt |
Number Suffixes
| Plural (1): | kaŋaʃəman-βlak |
| Plural (2): | kaŋaʃəman-ʃamət͡ɕ |
| Short Plural: | kaŋaʃəmanla |
| Sociative Plural: | kaŋaʃəmanmət |
Case Suffix (Cx) + Possessive Suffix (Px) + Number Suffix (Nx)
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
| Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative: | kaŋaʃəmanem | kaŋaʃəman-βlak | kaŋaʃəman-βlakem, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlak |
| Genitive: | kaŋaʃəmanemən | kaŋaʃəman-βlakən | kaŋaʃəman-βlakemən, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlakən |
| Dative: | kaŋaʃəmanemlan, kaŋaʃəmanlanem | kaŋaʃəman-βlaklan | kaŋaʃəman-βlakemlan, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlaklan |
| Accusative: | kaŋaʃəmaneməm | kaŋaʃəman-βlakəm | kaŋaʃəman-βlakeməm, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlakəm |
| Comparative: | kaŋaʃəmanemla, kaŋaʃəmanlam | kaŋaʃəman-βlakla | kaŋaʃəman-βlakemla, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlakla |
| Comitative: | kaŋaʃəmanemge | kaŋaʃəman-βlakge | kaŋaʃəman-βlakemge, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlakge |
| Inessive: | kaŋaʃəmanəʃtem | kaŋaʃəman-βlakəʃte | kaŋaʃəman-βlakəʃtem, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlakəʃte |
| Illative: | kaŋaʃəmanəʃkem | kaŋaʃəman-βlakəʃ(ke) | kaŋaʃəman-βlakəʃkem, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlakəʃ(ke) |
| Lative: | kaŋaʃəmaneʃem | kaŋaʃəman-βlakeʃ | kaŋaʃəman-βlakeʃem, kaŋaʃəmanem-βlakeʃ |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||