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You can indicate word stress by placing an asterisk * or a bullet point • after a stressed vowel (e.g., теҥге•, теҥге* 'ruble'). Otherwise, stress is assumed to follow regular patterns. Indicate orthographically unmarked palatalization with an accent, e.g.: имн'e 'horse'. Alternatively, if you do not specify the word stress and palatalization, the software will consult our lexicon. In the case of homographs (i.e., two words spelled the same, but not necessarily pronounced - and inflected - the same, e.g., ше•рге 'expensive' <> шерге• 'comb', the software will pick the word listed in the dictionary first.
Nominative: | kaŋgeštmaš |
Genitive: | kaŋgeštmašə̑n |
Dative: | kaŋgeštmašlan |
Accusative: | kaŋgeštmašə̑m |
Comparative: | kaŋgeštmašla |
Comitative: | kaŋgeštmašge |
Inessive: | kaŋgeštmašte, kaŋgeštmašə̑šte |
Illative: | kaŋgeštmaške, kaŋgeštmašə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | kaŋgeštmašeš |
1SG: | kaŋgeštmašem |
2SG: | kaŋgeštmašet |
3SG: | kaŋgeštmašše, kaŋgeštmašə̑ž(e) |
1PL: | kaŋgeštmašna |
2PL: | kaŋgeštmašda |
3PL: | kaŋgeštmašə̑št |
Plural (1): | kaŋgeštmaš-βlak |
Plural (2): | kaŋgeštmaš-šamə̑č́ |
Short Plural: | kaŋgeštmašla |
Sociative Plural: | kaŋgeštmašmə̑t |
For the sake of simplicity, only the plural suffix -влак and the possessive suffix first person singular -ем are displayed here. Also note that other suffix arrangements than these can be encountered on occasion - these are only the most common ones.
Case | Cx + Px | Cx + Nx | Cx + Px + Nx |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative: | kaŋgeštmašem | kaŋgeštmaš-βlak | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakem, kaŋgeštmašem-βlak |
Genitive: | kaŋgeštmašemə̑n | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakə̑n | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakemə̑n, kaŋgeštmašem-βlakə̑n |
Dative: | kaŋgeštmašemlan, kaŋgeštmašlanem | kaŋgeštmaš-βlaklan | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakemlan, kaŋgeštmašem-βlaklan |
Accusative: | kaŋgeštmašemə̑m | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakə̑m | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakemə̑m, kaŋgeštmašem-βlakə̑m |
Comparative: | kaŋgeštmašemla, kaŋgeštmašlam | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakla | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakemla, kaŋgeštmašem-βlakla |
Comitative: | kaŋgeštmašemge | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakge | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakemge, kaŋgeštmašem-βlakge |
Inessive: | kaŋgeštmaštem, kaŋgeštmašə̑štem | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakə̑šte | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakə̑štem, kaŋgeštmašem-βlakə̑šte |
Illative: | kaŋgeštmaškem, kaŋgeštmašə̑škem | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakə̑š(ke) | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakə̑škem, kaŋgeštmašem-βlakə̑š(ke) |
Lative: | kaŋgeštmašešem | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakeš | kaŋgeštmaš-βlakešem, kaŋgeštmašem-βlakeš |
The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
Last update: 10 August 2023 |